House construction



D. GARZA.

HOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. H, 1920.

1,386,251 PatentedAug. 2, 1921.

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D. GARZA.

HOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11. 1920.

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

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D. GARZA.

HOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. H. I920. 1,386,25 1 Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11, 1920.

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

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UNITED STATES;

DANIEL GARZA, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

HOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

Application filed September 11, 1920. Serial No. 409,515.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DANIEL GARZA, a citizen of Mexico, residing at New Orleans, in the county of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented a new and useful House Construction, of which the following is a specification.

It it the object of this invention to provide a means whereby a building may be constructed readily out of reinforced concrete elements, it being possible to transport the elements to the place of assembly, and then construct the building, the elements being light and easily handled and transported. The invention aims to provide a building which will be thoroughly fireproof, the construction being such that ventilation is providedfor, it being possible to install pipes, wiring and the like.

It is within the province of the disclosure to improve generally and to enhance the utility of devices of that type to which the invention appertains.

It is not possible to show all of the forms which the invention may take and it is to be understood, therefore, that, within the scope of what is claimed, many changes, falling within the skill of a mechanic, may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings :Figure 1 shows in vertical section, a building constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section; Fig. 3 is a fragmental vertical section wherein th window sill appears in end elevation; Fig. 4 is a fragmental horizontal section disclosing the post, the

block and the tie rod; Fig. 5 is a perspective view showingthe ventilating box, the rafter and attendant parts; Fig. 6 is a fragmental perspective showing a portion of the rafter; Fig. 7 is a'plan showing a portion of the base slab; Figs. 8 and 9 are top plans showing modifications in-the columns; Fig. 10 is an end elevation or top plan showing a modification in the column; Fig. 11 is a rear elevation of the stair tread; Fig. 12 is an elevation of the. stairs, one side member being removed; Fig. 13 is an elevation showing the relation between the ventilating boxes and other parts, sundry elements appearing in section; Fig. 14 is a fragmental vertical sec- "tion disclosing the parts depicted in Fig. 4.

The numeral 1 marks a foundation on ing base slabs 3 having openings 4. Certain of the openings 4 receive pins 5 carried by the .posts 2, but others of the openings 4 are unencumbered for a purpose to be described hereinafter. @lolumns 6 rest on the slabs 3 and are provided in their ends with plates 7, madeof metal, the plates having openings 8 adapted to receive the pins 5. The columns 6' and other parts'hereinbefore and hereafter mentioned,preferably are made of concrete, unless otherwise specified. The columns 6 have superficial longitudinal grooves 9. There may be any desired number of these grooves. Thus, as shown in Fig. 2, a column which is located in a side wall will have grooves in its opposite sides. A corner column will have grooves in two sides at right angles to each other. A column located at the juncture of two walls will have grooves in three of its sides, and a column located at the intersection of two interior walls, will have grooves in all four of its sides. Referring to Fig. 9, a curved post 100 may be used if the building is not of rectangular outline, the grooves appearing at 101, and the opening for the pin 5 being denoted by the numeral 102. The post may be of obtusely angular form, as delineated in Fig. 8 and as denoted by the numeral 103, the grooves being shown at 104, and the pin-opening at 105.

Blocks 12 are provided, each block being made up of parts 10 cut away to define an openings 11, there being cooperating ribs 14 on the ends of the parts 10 of the block 12. The ribs 14 are received in thegrooves 9 of the columns 6, the blocks 12 thus forming, the walls. When a door 15 is formed, a threshold 16 may be provided, the same having end ribs 18 received in the'grooves 9 of adjoining posts. If the building includes a fireplace 19, the inner parts of cert-ain'of the blocks are made of two members 20, spaced terminally to define the opening of the fireplace. In the corresponding chambers or openings 11 of the blocks on each side of the fireplace 19, and above the fireplace, are 10 v cated vertical uprights 21 forming a flue for the fireplace. WVhen a window 22 occurs, a sill 23. extends between certain of the columns 6 and has a depending rib 24 mediately below the window. At the sides of the window, fillers 74 may be mounted in the grooves 9 of the columns 6, the fillers extending between the sill 23 and the lintel of the window. 'Stringers 25 are supported 'seated in the opening 11 of the block 12 im- 7 at their ends on the slabs 3, the stringers carrying a floor 26. V

Rafters 27 rest at theirends on the uppermost blocks 12 of the walls, the rafters having depending projections 28 received in theopenings 12 of theblocks. A ceiling,

291s supported by the rafters 27 and carries a roof 30 of any desired construction. For the sake of simplicity in illustration, a flat roof is shown, but the architect will specify any roof which may be preferred. Ventilating. boxes 32 rest on the uppermost blocks 12 and have vertical passages 33 coinciding with the'openings 11-of the blocks; In the outer walls of the boxes 32 there are openings 34', inthe form of notches. The ends of the boxes '32 have depending lugs 35 received in the openings 11 :ofthe uppermost blocks 12; In one construction, a parapet 31 is superposed on the boxes 32. Fill.- ers 36 may be interposed between the ends of adjoining ventilating boxes 32 and are locatedabove the columns6; In this connection, it should be noted that in Fig. 5, the box 32 is pushed back somewhat from its normal position, for the sake of showing the box 10. In practice, the lug 35 abuts against L the parts 10 of the block 12 at the point in dicated by the numerall106.

At points between the top and the botto of the wall, it may be necessary to tiethe columnsfi and the "blocks 12 together, this construction, ordinarily, beingused only in courses which are spaced apart vertically. Noting Figs. 4' and 14, it will bei'observed that rings 37 are mounted in the columns 6, the rings carrying lateralarms 38 terminating in upstanding fingers 39 adapted to receive eyes 40 on tie rods-41. The parts 42 of certain of the blocks may be cut away on their upper surfaces to definerecesses 44 receiving the rods 41, the ribs 43 being cut away to form a vertical slot 46 adapted to receive the-projecting ends of the arms 38 when the block is lowered to a seat on the next course below. The tie rods 41 extend longitudinally of the openings 45 in the blocks, these openings corresponding to the openingsll.

The air enters the openings 11 through those holes 4 in the slabs 3-which are not encumbered by the pins 5. The air rises through the flues formed by the openings 11 of the blocks and passes into the ventilating boxes 33, the air finding an exit by way of the openings 34. In this way, the wall of the building is ventilated and kept dry.

In Fig.1() there appears a modified form of column. The column maybe made up of a wooden body 110 having longitudinal grooves 111, metal plates 112 being secured to the body 110 011 each side of each groove 111. The plates project as at 114 beyond the sides of the body 110, and metal plates 115 may be secured to the body between the projecting portions 114 of the plates 112. In the rectangles defined by the elements 114 and 115 are located concrete facings 116.

When a pair of steps is required, concrete side members 118 are provided, the same supporting treads 119, having grooves 120 in their lower surfaces, the grooves receiving the upperv portions ofthe side members 118 and preventing the side members from spreading. Longitudinal grooves .121 are provided in the under surfaces of the treads 119, the grooves beingadapted to receive the upper edges of risers .122. The .rear edge of the tread 119 is provided, with a lip 123" forming a recess in which is received a reduced lip 124 on the riser. At its front, the tread 119.has a depending flange 125 overlapping. the forward surface of the riser. 1

I claim v 1; In a device of the class described, a base slab having a verticalgopening; superposed'blocks having openings defininga vertical flue communicating directlyf with the opening in the slab, the blocks being supported on the slab;.and a ventilating boxsupported on the uppermost block and provided with a passage constituting avertical continuation of the flue, the box having a. lateral outlet for the flue;

2.111 a device of the class described,a base slab having an opening; superposed blocks having openings communicating with the opening in the slab, the blocks being supported onthe slab; and a ventilating box supported 011 the uppermost block and provided with a passage communicating with the openings in the blocks, the box having a lateral outlet for the passage,

the box having a depending end lug received in the opening of an adjoining block.

3. A device of the class described comprising a base slab having openings; a, post supporting the slab and comprising a pin received in one opening in the slab, to retain the slab against lateral movement; superposed blocks on the slab and forming aflue for which the other opening, in the slab constitutes an inlet; and a ventilating box on the uppermostblock and provided with a 5 passage communicating, with the flue, the box having a lateral outlet for the flue. i

4; In a device ofthe class described, a column having aside groove; an anchor in the column and having its. end located in the groove; a block comprising laterally separable members having cooperating ribs received in the groove; and a tie rodengaged with the ,endof the anchor, the ribs being cut away to receive the end of the being cut away longitudinally to form a recess for the reception of the tie rod.

5.-In. a device'of the class described, posts 12 5 anchor when the block is lowered, the block having grooves; upper and lower: blocks comprising parts having ribs received in the grooves, said parts being spaced from each other, one part of each lower block being cut away to define a fireplace; and upright filler-s between the parts of the blocks and forming, with the upper blocks, a flue for the fireplace, the lowermost of the upper blocks forming the lintel of the fire place; and a base slab forming the hearth of the fire lace.

6. In a device 0 the class described, posts having longitudinal grooves; blocks having ribs received in the grooves, the blocks being spaced to define the base and the lintel of a window, the stiles of the window being formed by the posts, the blocks having openings; a $111 extended between the posts and having a rib received in the opening of one block; and fillers in the rooves, the fillers extending between the Slll and the other block.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aifixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL GARZA.

Witnesses:

RORERTO GARZA, A. BABIN. 

